Louis Vuitton From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Louis Vuitton Malletier (/ Lwi Bwiti ??/), commonly as Louis Vuitton, or sometimes abbreviated to BT, is a French multinational, which is the global leader in retail fashion: including but not limited to luggage, apparel, clothing accessories, watches, handbags, jewelry, shoes, etc. Founded in 1854, one of the main divisions of LVMH headquartered in Paris, France. Known especially for bags and trunks, The company collaborates with prominent figures from the marketing and design (including Gisele BÃ ¼ ndchen and fashion designer Marc Jacobs). Internationally recognized and renowned for its name recognition in the fashion world, following LV has become one of the luxury brands of the most counterfeited contemporary.
LV is also one of the oldest fashion houses in the world, having begun 1854. It sells its products strictly through its own retail stores, small boutiques in exclusive department stores and online (as an effort against counterfeit). It primarily competes with Versace, Herm ¨ s, Gucci, Dolce & Gabbana, Burberry, Dior, Chanel, Fendi, Armani, Prada and other sectors such as luxury brands in fashion.
Louis Vuitton Story
In the 19th century is a Louis Vuitton trunk and renowned retailer of luggage. Entering the 20th century, the company has expanded in terms of places and Financial success. As of mid-century, entered the fashion world, integrating its signature Monogram Canvas into purses and handbags. Its merger to create LVMH is became an essential step, and therefore LV came to acquire its luxury image and fashion today.
Foreground figures have exclusively ordered Louis Vuitton luggage in history include Congo explorer Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza, who ordered the trunk of a telephone and the bed of the company, and director Leopold Stokowski (for his travels), whose removal shut secre © was designed by Gaston-Louis Vuitton.
Biography of Louis Vuitton
Louis Vuitton (August 4, 1821, died February 27, 1892), future founder of his company of the same name, was born in Jura, France (now part of the common Lavans-in-Valouse). In 1835, he moved Paris. The trip to his hometown to Paris was over 400 km (249 miles) and has traveled the distance. On the way picked up a series of odd jobs to pay for your trip. There he became an apprentice of the box, a manufacturer of home first. Because of its solid reputation in his field, Napoleon III Table designated Vuitton French manufacturer as his wife, Empress Eugène © nie de Montijo. Thanks to its experience with the French aristocracy, developed an on what makes a good travel bag. Then began designing his own luggage, setting the foundations for LV Co.
1854 by 1892
Louis Vuitton Malletier in Paris was founded by Mr. Vuitton in 1853 in the Rue Neuve des Capucines in Paris. In 1858, Mr. trunks Vuitton filed its Trianon canvas flat bottom (they were lightweight and airtight). Before the introduction of Vuitton trunks, stems rounded up are generally used to promote water runoff and therefore could not stacking. It has been Vuitton Trianon canvas flat trunk that allowed the gray battery capacity to travel with ease. Become a success and prestige, many others began luggagemakers to imitate the style of LV and design.
In 1867, the Company participated in the Paris Exposition. To avoid duplication eyes changed the design of Trianon striped design in beige and brown in a 1876.By 1885, the company opened its first store in London, England, Oxford Street. Soon after, due to imitation of his look continues in 1888, the Damier Canvas pattern was created by Louis Vuitton, accompanied by a logo that says: "L. Vuitton Brand © dà © e asked," which translates to "Mark L. Vuitton deposited" or a "mark L. Vuitton. In 1892, Louis Vuitton died, and the management of the business passed to his son.
1893 to 1936
After the death of his father, Georges Vuitton has launched a campaign to build the company into a worldwide company, presenting the company's products in the Universal Exhibition Chicago in 1893. In 1896 the company launched the legendary Monogram canvas and holds patents in the world to him. Its graphic symbols, including four leaves and flowers (as the monogram LV), is based on the design trend of using Japanese and Oriental at the time of Late Victorian. The patent was later revealed to be reached to stop counterfeiting. In that year, George traveled to the United States, where he shot some cities (like New York, Philadelphia and Chicago), sales of Vuitton products during the visit. In 1901 the company introduced the Louis Vuitton steamer bag, a small bag that is kept inside Vuitton luggage trunks.
In 1914, the construction of the Louis Vuitton opened on the Champs Elysees. It was the largest seller of travel in the world at that time. Stores also open in New York, Bombay, Washington, London, Alexandria and Buenos Aires as World War I began. Then in 1930, was introduced Keepall bag. During 1932, introduced LV bag © Noa. This bag was originally designed for wine producers to transport bottles of champagne. Soon after, he introduced the Louis Vuitton Speedy bag (two still in production). In 1936, Georges Vuitton was killed and his son, Gaston-Louis Vuitton, took control of the company.
1936 2000
See also: Louis Vuitton Cup, the America's Cup, and LVMH
During this period, the appearance of leather has been used in everything from small purses and wallets to large pieces of luggage. To extend its range, the company revamped its signature Monogram Canvas in 1959 to make it more flexible, allowing it to be used for bags, bags and purses. Audrey Hepburn is seen with the bag in the film Charade (1963). We believe that in the 1960s, counterfeiting returned as a major issue to continue in the 21st century. In 1966, the butterfly was launched (cylindrical bag that is still popular today). In 1977, LV owns two stores, with revenues Annual up to 70 million francs (10 million USD). A year later (1978) opened the first stores in Japan (Tokyo and Osaka). In 1983, the company joined the Copa America to form the Louis Vuitton Cup, a preliminary competition (known as a career-breaker) for the yacht race. Louis Vuitton continued its expanded presence in Asia with the opening of a store in Taipei, Taiwan in 1983 and in Seoul, South Korea in 1984. The following year (1985), the line of epidemiology leather was introduced.
1987 saw the creation of the LVMH group. Moa «t et Chandon and Hennessy manufacturers, leader of champagne and cognac, (respectively) merged with Louis Vuitton to form the luxury goods conglomerate. Profits for 1988 rose 49% from 1987. In 1989, Louis Vuitton has come to operate 130 stores in the world. Entering the 1990s, Yves Carcelle is appointed CEO of BT and in 1992, the brand opened its first Chinese in the Palace Hotel in Beijing. Other products introduced along the line became Taiga Leather (1993) and the collection of literature with the Voyager … (1994). In 1996, the centennial of the Monogram canvas was carried out in seven cities around the world.
Following the presentation of his collection of pens (1997), Louis Vuitton, Marc Jacobs made with directors Jae Art (1998). In March the following year, was designed first and company practice prà ª t-Ã-porter line of clothing for men and women. Thus This year, the Monogram Vernis line, photo albums LV, and the Louis Vuitton City Guide has been released. 1300 kilometers from Dalian to Beijing, the event took place the first of China ( "China Run") as well. The recent events in the 20th century was the liberation of online mini monogram (1999), the opening of the first shop in Africa, Marrakech, Morocco (2000), and finally the auction at the International Film Festival in Venice, Italy, in the case of vanity "of amfAR" designed by Sharon Stone has been sold with the proceeds going to the Foundation for AIDS Research (also 2000).
2001 until now
The store on Fifth Avenue in Manhattan.
In 2001, Stephen Sprouse, in collaboration with Marc Jacobs designed a line limited edition Vuitton bags which included graffiti written on the monogram pattern. The graffiti read and Louis Vuitton, and in some bags, the name of the bag (and as Keepall Speedy). Some pieces, including graffiti, no history of the monogram canvas, are created and only available to customers Vuitton client list VIP. Jacobs also created the bracelet, the first piece of jewelry of LV in the same year.
In 2002, the collection of watches was introduced blind. During this year also, the LV building in Tokyo is open, and the brand is working with Bob Wilson, through the windows of his sceneography Christmas. In 2003, Takashi Murakami, in collaboration with Marc Jacobs, has orchestrated the new Monogram Multicolor canvas range of bags and accessories. This range includes the monograms of the standard Monogram Canvas, but in 33 different colors on white or black. (The classic canvas features gold monograms on a brown background.) Murakami has also created the earth in the cherry blossom Which Cartoon smiling faces between pink and yellow flowers are sporadically placed on the Monogram canvas. This trend appears in a limited number of rooms. The production of this race limited edition was interrupted in June 2003. In the course of 2003, shops in Moscow, Russia and New Delhi, India is open. Utah Leather Suhali lines are released, and the 20th anniversary of the Louis Vuitton Cup also takes place.
Louis Vuitton located on the famous Avenue des Champs-Elysée is ©.
Louis Vuitton celebrates its 150th anniversary in 2004 in the world. This year, branded stores opened in New York (Fifth Avenue) SÃ £ o Paulo and Johannesburg. It has also opened its first World Store in Shanghai. In 2005, Louis Vuitton reopened its Champs-Ã ‰ Lysa Shop © is (reputed to be the largest LV store in the world), and published the collection Speedy watches. In 2006, LV opened the Espace Louis Vuitton in the 7th floor.
Disputes and conflicts
The collaboration with Nazi Germany
The structure of France Louis Vuitton, a saga franà § aise (Louis Vuitton: A French series)) tells how members of the Vuitton family actively the help of the puppet government led by Marshal Philippe Pà © tain, increase their wealth from their dealings with the Nazis. The family has established a factory for the production © AP artifacts glorifying Tain, including more than 2,500 busts. Petain's Vichy regime was responsible for the deportation of the Jews of France in the fields of German concentration.
Caroline Flash Games, a spokesman for the publisher (Fayard) said: "They [Louis Vuitton Co.] did not dispute anything in the book, but try to expose for pretending not to exist. "In response to the book's publication in 2004, a spokesman for LVMH, said," It's ancient history … The book covers a period when he was home and long before it became part of LVMH group. We are different, tolerant and all things in a modern society should be. "Another spokesperson for LVMH said the satirical newspaper Encha Duck ® nà ©, that "We do not deny the facts, but unfortunately the author has exaggerated the Vichy episode. In an article published by L'Express, the first weekly news magazine in France, Jacques Attali, then adviser to President Franà § ois Mitterrand, described the book as research "remarkable" and a "must read".
Louis Vuitton against Britney Spears video
November 19, 2007 by Louis Vuitton, in efforts to prevent counterfeiting, Britney Spears has been successfully prosecuted for violating the laws against counterfeiting. Part of the video clip for the song "Do Somethin '" sample fingers tapping on the dashboard of a pink Hummer with what looks like Louis Vuitton "Cherry Blossom" design LV logo. Britney Spears herself was not found guilty, but a Paris civil court ordered Sony BMG and MTV Online to stop showing video. Also fined to â, ¬ 80,000 to each group. An anonymous spokesman for LVMH, said the video constituted an "attack" on Louis Vuitton brand and its luxury image.
Louis Vuitton vs. Darfur Charity
February 13, 2007, Louis Vuitton has sent a cease and not the artist Nadia Plesner for reproduction "of a bag infringing intellectual Louis Vuitton Property Rights. Reproduction in question is a satirical illustration suffering from malnutrition is a child holding a dog and a designer designer bag. The illustration on shirts and posters, with all profits going to charity "to divest from Darfur." The artist defended the "Simple Living" campaign and their right to artistic freedom in a written response to the Louis Vuitton, 27 February 2008, attracting the attention the absence of the famous monogram, saying further that the figure refers to "designer handbags" in general, without specific mention of the brand Louis Vuitton is in the illustration or other material of the associated campaign. On 15 April 2008, Louis Vuitton has reported Plesner trial brought against him. It was reported that Louis Vuitton claimed $ 7500 (5,000 euros) for each day Plesner continues to sell Simple Living Products, $ 7,500 for each day of cessation of the original letter desist published on its website and $ 7,500 per day to use the name "Louis Vuitton" on its website. It is further alleged that Louis Vuitton is requiring the artist to pay the legal costs of Louis Vuitton, including $ 15,000 to cover the additional costs the company incurred in protecting intellectual property rights. Although the outcome of this trial is still unknown, the image in question was removed from the site Plesner over an extended period. Even if another image is now used for campaign financing Plesner, the original image has been renovated and is also high on the site.
New York Magazine reported that Louis Vuitton has tried to quit If you go to court, but were forced to take legal action when Plesner has not responded to his initial request to remove the image issue, or the Ceasefire Agreement and the subsequent order to abstain. The spokesman also said that LVMH Plesner who tried to hide the lengths gone to LVMH in order to "prevent the prosecution." These statements are not aligned Plesner published response to cease and desist, and rule has been criticized for not allowing Plesner that respond to allegations made by LVMH, especially since the magazine has been in contact with her just days before.
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